PARAFORMALDEHYDE: the dust is a strong eye, skin and mucous membrane irritant and skin sensitiser. Eye contact will cause burns to the cornea. It is highly toxic when inhaled or ingested.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24
PARAFFIN WAX: when pure is not hazardous to health, but wax additives may be (for example the plasticiser, dimethyl sulphoxide, is a potential carcinogen). Molten wax produces fine droplets as an aerosol, during processing and embedding procedures, which can be inhaled leading to a low grade lipid pneumonia.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 19
PARAPHENYLENE DIAMINE: is a toxic substance by inhalation or ingestion and can be absorbed through the skin in doses high enough to cause toxicity. It is an eye and skin irritant and contact dermatitis may occur from repeated exposure.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 6; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
PARAROSANILIN: is a triaminotriphenylmethane dye. It is a potential carcinogen and as such should be handled with care. Its toxicity has not been quantified.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 11; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 19
PEANUT OIL: is regarded as being safe unless the vapour is inhaled in large amounts. The lipid droplets are absorbed by alveolar macrophages, a low grade lipid pneumonia can result. There are reports that peanut oil has caused tumours in laboratory animals.
EYES - Code 1; SKIN - Code 11; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 18
PEPSIN: is an enzyme which digests certain proteins. It will cause irritation to the eyes and skin.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 9; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 22
PERCHLORIC ACID: is a corrosive substance which, in the concentrated form, will cause severe eye (including blindness), skin and mucous membrane damage. In addition, inhalation can cause severe coughing and vomiting and ingestion may cause pain, nausea, vomiting, thirst, diarrhoea, circulatory collapse and possibly death.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 6; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 21
PERIODIC ACID: in contact with a combustible material may cause fire. It is a severe respiratory tract irritant and corrosive causing severe burns to exposed skin and eyes.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 9; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 22
PERSPEX: polymerised perspex is not hazardous except that sharp edges produced by sawing may cause abrasions to unprotected skin. Perspex dust or beads produced through sanding, filing or drilling are hazardous. Loose beads of perspex make floors very slippery. Inhaling fine dust causes the development of pulmonary granulomas. The dust can scratch and irritate eyes.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 11; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 17
PETROLEUM ETHER: is a flammable liquid and should never be handled close to heat or naked flame. The vapours are heavier than air and may travel along the ground for a considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. It is a narcotic and can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of the vapour, ingestion of the liquid or through skin contact. It can cause polyneuritis. Prolonged contact can be fatal.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 21
PHENAZINE METHOSULPHATE: Toxicity data for this compound are not yet available. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 17
PHENAZINE METHOSULPHATE: is an eye, skin and mucous membrane irritant. Inhalation or ingestion may cause central nervous system depression, headache, drowsiness and dizziness.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 12: INHALED - Code 15: INGESTED - Code 21
PHENOL: is highly toxic to the central nervous system. It is rapidly absorbed through the skin and can prove fatal if treatment is not immediate. It is a strong eye, skin and mucous membrane irritant. There is a moderate fire danger when exposed to heat.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 6; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Codes 22+23
PHENYLHYDRAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE: is a combustible substance. It is an eye and mucous membrane irritant and is highly toxic through all routes of exposure. Symptoms of toxicity include nausea, vomiting and jaundice. It will damage the liver and circulating red blood cells.
EYES - Code 3: SKIN - Code 13: INHALED - Code 16: INGESTED - Code 24
PHLOXINE: is a xanthene dye. It is highly toxic and an eye and skin irritant.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24
PHOSPHINE 3R: Little is known about the toxicity of this dye but other dyes in the same group (acridines, xanthenes) are known to be toxic. Handle with care. The chemical structure suggests that the powder is an eye and respiratory tract irritant.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 20
PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ACID: is a skin and eye irritant. It is toxic if inhaled or ingested. Molybdenum compounds are rapidly excreted from the body so that small doses rarely cause more than discomfort.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 21
PHOSPHOTUNGSTIC ACID: is an eye irritant and is mildly corrosive. It is harmful to inhale the powder.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
PICRIC ACID: is a strong oxidising agent which reacts violently with combustible materials and reducing agents. It is toxic and can be absorbed into the body through inhalation of the vapour or ingestion of the liquid. It is an eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant, a neurotoxin and can cause convulsions. The powder is explosive when dry and should always be stored under water in a container with a cork stopper.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 6; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 21
PINACYANOL: Toxicity data for this compound are not yet available. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 17
1,4-PIPERAZINE DI-ETHANE SULPHONIC ACID (PIPS) is an eye and skin irritant but is expected to be a low ingestion hazard.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 19
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL: water soluble waxes which are used in cosmetics and as food additives and are regarded as safe.
EYES - Code 1; SKIN - Code 11; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 18
POLY-L-LYSINE: Is an eye irritant and may be harmful if swallowed in large amounts.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 20
POLYSTYRENE: when handled as granules does not constitute a significant hazard. As a dust it may cause eye and respiratory tract irritation.
EYES - Code 1; SKIN - Code 11; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 18
POLYVINYL ALCOHOL: The powder is an eye and respiratory tract irritant. It is used in surface coatings such as postage stamps but is not a natural foodstuff and its metabolism is unknown.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 11: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTED - Code 20
POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE: is a mild eye irritant with a very low toxicity rating.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 11: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTED - Code 19
PONCEAU 2R: is a monoazo dye. It is a carcinogen and very toxic.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 13; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24
PONCEAU S: is a combustible powder and should never be handled close to heat or naked flame. It is a disazo dye, many of which are carcinogenic. It is an eye and respiratory tract irritant. It should be handled with great care and always beneath a fume hood.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24
POTASSIUM ACETATE: is a combustible substance which readily ignites when exposed to a naked flame. It is an eye and gastrointestinal tract irritant. It is deliquescent and will absorb moisture so that prolonged skin contact may cause irritation and dermatitis. It may irritate the respiratory tract.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 19
POTASSIUM ALUMINIUM SULPHATE: is a skin and eye irritant and is mildly toxic when ingested. There are insufficient data on the effects of inhalation. Acute exposure to the eyes or skin may cause redness or pain. Ingestion may cause abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM BROMIDE: is an eye and skin irritant. Repeated skin contact may cause sensitisation in some individuals. The fumes are toxic (prolonged exposure may cause rashes). Ingestion causes stupor and possible cardiac failure.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 12: INHALED - Code 16: INGESTED - Code 17
POTASSIUM CACODYLATE: is a highly toxic compound which contains arsenic. It is an eye and skin irritant. The arsenic is tightly bound and only released slowly in the body so that it is unlikely to cause toxicity unless taken in large quantities or small quantities over a long period of time.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 13; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM CARBONATE: is an eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant. It is toxic by inhalation or ingestion causing nasal ulceration, vomiting, diarrhoea, circulatory collapse and possible death.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 12: INHALED - Code 16: INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM CHLORATE: is a strong oxidising agent and can be explosive. It is a strong eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant and is toxic by inhalation or ingestion causing methaemoglobinaemia and kidney damage.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 20
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE: This is an eye irritant. In small doses it is of low toxic potential except in individuals with impaired renal function. Toxicity causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal cramps and may lead to weakness, hypotension, confusion, paralysis and possible cardiac arrest.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 5: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTED - Code 17
POTASSIUM CHROMIC SULPHATE: is very toxic and inhalation or ingestion can result in death. It is an eye and skin irritant. Other symptoms which can result from small doses are dizziness, intense thirst, abdominal pain, vomiting, shock and oliguria or anuria. Death is usually from uremia.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24
POTASSIUM CITRATE: is an eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant. Toxicity is very low although the ingestion of large amounts may cause gastric upset and diarrhoea.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 11: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTION - Code 19
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE: is a known carcinogen and must be handled with great care. It is a strong oxidising agent and contact with combustible materials may cause fire. It is corrosive and will cause permanent damage to eyes and skin. Frequent skin exposure to the dust can cause ulceration. Inhalation and ingestion may cause permanent kidney and liver damage, especially if contact is prolonged.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN ORTHOPHOSPHATE: is an eye irritant and is mildly toxic when inhaled or ingested. When ingested it can cause serious disturbances in calcium metabolism.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM FERRICYANIDE: The toxic effects of this compound have not been quantified. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM FERROCYANIDE: is an eye and skin irritant. It is reported as being of low toxicity as the cyanide is bound tightly.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 21
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE: is a strong corrosive which will cause severe burns. It is a severe irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 26
POTASSIUM IODATE: This is a corrosive substance and may cause severe eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation and possibly burns. It is toxic by ingestion causing gastrointestinal irritation and possibly fatty infiltration of the liver. Individuals sensitive to iodine compounds may develop skin rashes or eruptions, rhinorrhoea, headache and irritation. In severe cases anaemia, loss of weight and depression may occur.
EYES - Code 3: SKIN - Code 12: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTED - Code 17
POTASSIUM IODIDE: is highly corrosive and toxic. It is a severe eye and respiratory tract irritant and will cause burns to the skin. If ingested it will cause severe abdominal pain. Inhalation leads to irreversible lung damage.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 6; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 31
POTASSIUM METABISULPHITE: is an eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant. Eye and skin contact will cause redness and pain. Inhalation may cause sore throat, coughing and shortness of breath. Ingestion may cause sore throat and abdominal pain.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 20
POTASSIUM NITRATE: is a strong oxidising agent which is moderately toxic by ingestion and an eye irritant. There are insufficient data available on the health hazards associated with its use and exposure. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 24
POTASSIUM PERIODATE: is an oxidising agent and corrosive. It is combustible and may cause spontaneous combustion with other combustible materials. It is an eye, skin and respiratory tract irritant and can cause localised burning. It can cause sensitisation particularly to those susceptible to iodine and its compounds. It is toxic by ingestion. Symptoms may include headache, skin rashes , runny nose. In severe cases there may be anaemia, loss of weight, general depression and liver damage.
EYES - Code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 17
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE: is an oxidising agent and a severe mucous membrane irritant. It is corrosive and if ingested can cause nausea, vomiting and kidney damage. It can react vigorously or explosively with many chemicals and will spontaneously combust with glycerol or 1,2-ethanediol. Check for compatibility before adding to other chemicals.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 27
POTASSIUM SODIUM TARTRATE: data are not available on the effects of skin and eye contact or inhalation. It is toxic by ingestion causing nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal cramps. Ingestion is especially hazard to those with impaired renal function or cardiac arrhythmias.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 14; INGESTED - Code 21
PROPIONIC ACID: is corrosive and toxic. It is an eye, skin and mucous membrane irritant. It is hygroscopic and prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 5; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
PYRIDINE: is a flammable liquid and should not be handled close to heat or naked flame. It is a skin, eye and respiratory tract irritant. Eye contact can result in conjunctivitis and skin contact in dermatitis. It is a central nervous system toxin and ingestion can result in heart failure.
EYES - code 3; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 15; INGESTED - Code 21
PYROCATECHOL: can spontaneously combust. Eye contact will cause local irritation. This is a low hazard substance.
EYES - Code 2: SKIN - Code 11: INHALED - Code 14: INGESTED - Code 18
PYRONIN Y: is a xanthene dye. Its toxicity has not been quantified but other dyes in this group are very toxic. Handle with care.
EYES - Code 2; SKIN - Code 12; INHALED - Code 16; INGESTED - Code 24